THE DOCUMENTED HISTORY OF MODERN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY Index
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References: Teaching and Lectures, Publications and Patents.   SUTURING AND LIGATING - THE FIRST THIRTY YEARS The Scope Looks Back Henry Clarke © January 15, 2000 Please click here if you wish to send a response.

REFERENCES

TEACHING AND LECTURES:
 

(A) OPERATIVE LAPAROSCOPY

	Presentation: Minimal access - laparoscopic surgery progress from the 1960's. The 14th Annual Congress of the International Society for Gunecologic Endoscopy. The British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy April 3-6, 2005. London, UK.
	A workshop for suturing and tying by the instruments and methods of Clarke. The 14th Annual Congress of the International Society for Gunecologic Endoscopy. The British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy April 3-6, 2005. London, UK.
	Lecture: Laparoscopic suturing and tying: the simple, safe and academically correct method. The 14th Annual Congress of the International Society for Gunecologic Endoscopy. The British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy April 5, 2005. London, UK.
	Lecture: Historical perspectives of laparoscopicsurgery and recent developments. Hands-on workshop on suturing and tying with Clarke instruments and methods.University of the West Indies, Department of Gynaecology, Trinidad and Tobago, October 28-30,2004
	Preceptor, Laparoscopy for Infertility, Precongress Work Shop, Selayang Hospital. 13th Annual Congress, the International Society for Gynecologic Endoscopy, Shangri La Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. April 8-11, 2004.
	Lecture and Hands-on Workshop for Simple and Safe Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparoscopy. St. Michael’s Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, July 23, 2003.
	Taller para Enseñar Suturar y Ligar con Tecnico Seguro. Federacion Mexicana de Endoscopia Ginecologica. XII Annual Congress of the ISGE, Cancun, Mexico, April 3-5, 2003.
	Learning Operative Laparoscopy: the Black box. Basic Techniques in Operative Laparoscopy (Poster).Congress of Gynecological Endoscopy and Innovative Surgery. Berlin, Germany, April 25-28, 2002.
	Lecture and Hands-on Workshop: Simple and Safe Techniques for Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparoscopy. Shanghai Sixth Hospital, Shanghai, China, May 25, 2001.
	Lecture and Hands-on Workshop: Simple and Safe Techniques for Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparoscopy. The Loma Linda University Hospital U.S.A., (The Shao Yi Fu Hospital), Hangzhou, China, May 23-24, 2001.
	Lecture and Hands-on Workshop: Simple and Safe Techniques for Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparoscopy. The first Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical College, ZheJiang, WenZhou, China, May 21-23, 2001.
	Lecture and Hands-on Workshop: Simple and Safe Techniques for Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparoscopy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, April 17-May 20, 2001.
	Lectura y Demonstration: Instrumentos y Technicas Sencillas y Seguro para Suturar y Ligar de Suturar y Ligar en la Cirugia Laparoscopica, III Congreso de la Sociedad Iberolatinoamericano de Cirujianos, La Habana, Cuba, 21- 24 Noviembre , 2000.
	The Academically Correct Pusher-Cutter. The International Society of Gynecological Endoscospists, Montreal, Canada (1999).
	Proficiency in Suturing and Tying: A Prerequisite for Operative Laparoscopy. (Poster)The International Society of Gynecological Endoscopists, Montreal, Canada ( 1999).
	Simple and Cost Effective Endoscopy Instruments Suitable for Less Developed Countries. Visiting Professor, The Ahmedabad Obstetrics and Gynaecological Society, Hotel Rivera, Khanpur, Ahmedbad, India (March 1998).
	Simple Instruments and Techniques for Suturing and Ligation by Laparoscopy. International Seminar on Gynecological Endoscopy. The Indian Association of Gynecological Endoscopists, Hotel Oberon Towers, Mumbai, India (March 1998).
	Cost-Effective, Low-Tech Endoscopic Instruments and Techniques Suitable for Less Developed Regions. International Seminar on Gynecological Endoscopy. The Indian Association of Gynecological Endoscopists, Hotel Oberon Towers, Mumbai, India (March 1998).
	Tecnicas Faciles Para Suturar En La Cirugia Endoscopica. Profesor Invitado. Hotel Gran Almirante, Seminario Para La Educacion De Los Cirujanos y Gynecologos. Santiago, Republica Dominicana (December 29, 1997).
	Extracorporeal Suturing in Endoscopy. Moderator. The International Society for Gynecological Endoscopy, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (Apr. 1996).
	The Clarke - Reich Suture Needle Forceps in Operative Laparoscopy. The AAGL 24th Annual Meeting, Marriott's Orlando World Center, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A. (November 1995).
	A New Needle for Myomectomy Closure Utilizing the Clarke Needle Forceps. The AAGL 23rd Annual Meeting, New York, U.S.A. (October 1994).
	Knot Tying Techniques in Operative Laparoscopy. Visiting Professor, College of Medicine and Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center. The University of Illinois at Chicago. (October 1993).
	The Clarke Ligator Scissor Forceps and Mechanisms of Tying in Operative Laparoscopy. The 48th Annual Meeting of the American Fertility Society. New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. (October 1992).
	The Clarke Ligator Scissor Forceps: The International Congress of Gynecologic Endoscopy. The AAGL 21st Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (September 1992).
	The Clarke-Reich Needle Forceps for Easy Suturing in Laparoscopy.The World Congress of Gynecologic Endoscopy. The AAGL 20th Annual Meeting. Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.A. (November 1991).
	Where did Operative Laparoscopy Begin? Here in the U.S.A. The World Congress of Gynecologic Endoscopy. The AAGL 20th Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.A. (November 1991)
	Simple Instruments for Suturing and Ligating. The International Congress of Gynecologic Endoscopy. The AAGL 19th Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A. (November 1990).
	Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery. Instruments and Procedures, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A., (May 1989).
	Instrumentos para Suturar y Ligar en la Cirugia Laparoscopica: Departamento de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Complejo Hospitalario Metropolitano, Caja de Seguro Social, Panama, Rep. de Panama (September 1981).
	Suturing and ligating in operative laparoscopy: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (June 1981).
	Instruments for Suturing and Ligating in Operative Laparoscopy: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of West Indies, Mont Hope, Trinidad (1980).
	Suturing and Tying in Operative Laparos copy. The Ninth World Congress, Tokyo, Japan, ( October, 1979).
	New Instruments and Techniques for Suturing and Ligating Through Laparoscopy: Delegate from U.S.A., The Eighth World Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Moscow, Russia (August 1973).
	Without laparotomy: surgical treatment of operative laparoscopic complications: The One Hundred and Twenty-Second Annual Convention of the American Medical Association, New York. U.S.A. (June 1973).
	Suturing and Ligating by Laparoscopy: Operative Technique and Treatment of Complications: The Twenty-First Annual Clinical Meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Bal Harbour, Florida, U.S.A. (May 1973).
	New Instruments for Laparoscopic Surgery: The Twentieth Annual Clinical Meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (April-May 1972).
	New Instruments for Laparoscopic Surgery: The Nineteenth Annual Scientific Meeting of the Canadian Fertility Society, London, Ontario, Canada (May-June 1972).
	Ligating Blood Vessels and Pomeroy Tubal Ligation Through the Laparoscope: The Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Fertility Society, New York. (March 1972).
	The Clarke Instruments for Suturing and Ligating in Laparoscopy: Documentary film of Pomeroy Tubal Ligation. City-wide Conference of Gynecologists and Obstetricians. Sisters Hospital, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, (February, 1972).

(B) NUTRITION RESEARCH

	Evidence of a Maternal Fetal Link: the 27th Annual Meeting of the American College of Nutrition, Washington D.C., U.S.A. (September 1986).
	Vitamin B-2 and the maternal-fetal nutritional bond: Post Graduate Seminar, University of Windsor, Department of Chemistry (February 1986).
	Cellular nutritional equilibrium: A basic new concept in obstetrics: The Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the American College of Nutrition, Cincinnati, Ohio (September 1983).
	El efecto de la desnutricion sobre el desarrollo del cerebro fetal: Departamento de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Complejo Hospitalario Metropolitano, Caja de Seguro Social, Panama, Rep. de Panama (September 1981).
	Nutrition and the fetal brain: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto (June 1981).
	Vitamin B-2 and development of the fetal brain: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of West Indies, Mont Hope, Trinidad (1980).
	The riboflavin status of the prenate: a cellular nutritional equilibrium in pregnancy: Delegate from Canada, The Ninith World Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tokyo, Japan (October 1979).
	Oral contraceptives in teenagers: accelerated psychosexual development with discontinuation: Advances in Medicine, Royal Society of Medicine, London, England (July 1978).
	The equilibrium between blood riboflavin levels in the mother and in the prenate: Post-Graduate Seminar, University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Louis, Missouri (May 1974).
	Effect of the riboflavin deficiency syndrome on fetal blood levels: Delegate to The Eighth World Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Moscow (August 1973).
	Blood riboflavin determination by the photodecomposition fluorimetric method in a continous flow system: The Third Northeast Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A. (October 1971).
	The riboflavin deficiency syndrome of pregnancy: The Fifty-Seventh Annual Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons, Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.A. (October 1971).
	A deficiency syndrome of riboflavin in pregnancy: The Annual District II Meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Aruba, Netherland Antillies (October 1971).
	A study of riboflavin metabolism in health and disease by the photodecomposition methods for blood and urine: The Fifteenth Scientific Meeting of the Standing Advisory Committee for Medical Research in the British Caribbean, Jamaica, West Indies (April 1970).
	A method with high specificity for ascorbic acid: The Sixty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Washington, D.C. U.S.A. (October 1954).
	A highly specific procedure for ascorbic acid: The American Society of Biological Chemists, Chicage, Illinois U.S.A. (April 1953).

PUBLICATIONS AND PATENTS
 

PUBLICATIONS

	Clarke HC.  The cellular nutritional link between Mother and Fetus. The British Medical Journal. bmj.com. 26 May 2005
	Clarke HC. The Maternal-Fetal Mutritional Link. British Medical Journal. bmj.com. 17 May 2005
	Clarke, H.C. Impact of Folic Acid Fortification in the United States.[letter] Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;104(1), 187
	Clarke, H.C. Adventures in the origin of modern operative laparoscopy, Gynaecological Endoscopy 2002; 11 (5): 223-30.
	The Pendulum. H. C. Clarke. The Canadian Journal of Surgery, Correspondence Vol. 45, No.1, 2002.
	The way forward in the surgical management of endometriosis - from a third world perspective. Clarke H.C. Endoscopy 2001, 10, 1-5.
	“History of Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Surgery” Lau et al. World Journal of Surgery. Vol.21.-4:444. Letter to the Editor. Clarke, H.C. Vol. 25 No. 7, July 2001.
	Clarke, H.C., Techniques using the Clarke - Reich Suture Needle Forceps in Gynaecological Laparoscopy: Gynaecological Endoscopy, 5, 69-73 (1996).
	Clarke, H.C., An Improved Ligator in Operative Laparoscopy: Obstet Gynecol, 83, 299-301 (1994).
	Clarke, H.C., The Laparoscopic Suturing Needle Forceps: Proc. of the World Congress of Gynecologic Endoscopy, AAGL 20th Annual Meeting Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.A., 47, 313-314 (1993).
	Reich, H., Clarke, H.C., and Sekel, L., A Simple Method for Ligating with Straight and Curved Needles in Operative Laparoscopy: Obstet Gynecol, 79, 143-7 (1992).
	Clarke, H.C., Erythema Infedtiosum: an Epidemic with a Probable Posterythema Phase: Can. Med. Assoc. J., 130, 603-604 (1984).
	Clarke, H.C., Distribution of Riboflavin in Blood: In Women and in Prenates: Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res., 47, 361-363 (1977).
	Clarke, H.C., A Photodecomposition Method for Determination of Riboflavin in the Various Constituents of Blood: Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res., 47, 356-360 (1977).
	Clarke, H.C., In Trinidad: Angular Stomatitis and Pregnancy: Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res., 3, 366-368 (1976).
	Clarke, H. C., Sexual Behaviour in an Integrated Multiracial Community: Journal of Sex Research 10, 1 (1974).
	Clarke, H.C., In Pregnancy: Effect of Iron and Folic Acid on Riboflavin Status: Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res., 43, 438 (1973).
	Clarke, H.C., A Simple Surgical Ligator: Arch. Surg. 107, 914 (1973).
	Clarke, H.C., B-vitamins in Human Amniotic Fluid: Internat. J. Fit. Nutr. Res., 43, 324 (1973).
	Clarke, H.C., Laparoscopy: New Instruments for Suturing and Ligation: Fertil. Steril. 23, 274 (1972).
	Clarke, H.C., Relationship between Whole Blood Riboflavin Levels in the Mother and in the Prenate: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol, III, 43 (1971).
	Clarke, H.C., The Riboflavin Deficiency Syndrome of Pregnancy: Surgical Forum, XXII, 394 (1971).
	Clarke, H.C., Application of a Conversion Factor in a Photodecomposition Fluorimetric Method for Determination of Riboflavin in Urine: Internat. J. Vit. Res., 39, 346 (1969).
	Clarke, H.C., The Relationships Between Whole Blood Riboflavin Levels and Results of Riboflavin Saturation Tests in Normal and Pathological conditions in Man: Internat. J. Vit. Res., 39, 239 (1969).
	Clarke, H.C., A Photodecomposition Fluorimetric Method for the Determination of Riboflavin in Whole Blood: Internat. J. Vit. Res., 39, 182 (1969).
	Clarke, H.C., A Highly Specific Method for Ascorbic Acid: J. Assoc. Off. Agri. Chem., 514 (1955).
	Clarke, H.C., The Biogenous Amines in Health and Disease: Carib. Med. J., XVI, 105 (1954).
	Clarke, H.C., The Chemical Arts of Prehistoric South America: Carib. Med. J., XVI, 111 (1954).

UNITED STATES PATENTS

	5,383,877- Laparoscopy Instruments and Method for Suturing. Ligator Scissor Forceps, January 24, 1995.
	3,871,379- Laparoscopy Instruments and Method for Suturing. Laparoscopic Ligator, March 18, 1975.
	3,763,860- Laparoscopy Instruments and Method for Suturing. Laparoscopic Needle Forceps, October 9, 1973.
	3,705,011- Photodecomposition: Method and Apparatus. February 27, 1970.

Clarke's work has had little academic or financial support. It has been advanced mainly at his own expense.
 

For the original paper on Laparoscopic Surgery Click here

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